2012年自考英語(yǔ)（一）重點(diǎn)輔導(dǎo)資料（11）
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3) I don''t know whether the letter is overweight.(我不知道這封信是否超重。)$lesson$
by 后面跟動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞表示某人做了某件事，并通過(guò)這件事產(chǎn)生了某個(gè)結(jié)果。請(qǐng)看下面的句子：
They made a living by selling newspapers.(他們通過(guò)賣(mài)報(bào)謀生。)轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
2. They thought that eating deer would make them run as fast as the deer.
本句中that同樣是引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)eating deer做主語(yǔ)。
make sb. do sth.意思是“使某人做某事”。make 后面的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to要省去，但是用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)一定要用to，請(qǐng)看下面的句子：
1) The boss made them work from morning till night.(老板使他們從早到晚地干活。)
2) She was made to finish the book in two days (by her father)。(父親讓她兩天把書(shū)看完。)
3. Some savage tribes believed that eating enemies that had shown bravery in battle would make them brave.
本句中的第一個(gè)that 引導(dǎo)的又是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，而后一個(gè)that 引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾enemies
本句中them brave 是make 的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)看下面的句子：
1) Don''t wait for him. He will make us late.(別等他了，他會(huì)使我們遲到的。)
2) He was afraid that the story would make things worse.(他擔(dān)心那個(gè)故事會(huì)使事情更糟。)
3) I didn''t know that the news had been made public.(我不知道這個(gè)消息已經(jīng)公開(kāi)了。)
4. It was once thought …
Eggs were thought to make the voice pretty.
Tomatoes were believed to have magical powers
They were called love apples and were supposed to make people who ate them fall in love.
上面的這些句子全部用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
suppose 是一個(gè)常用詞，請(qǐng)注意掌握。轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
1) I suppose it was reasonable for him to want his money back.(我看他想要回他的錢(qián)是合理的。)
2) I am not supposed to talk to you about this.(我不能和你談這個(gè)。)
3) Suppose / Supposing something should go wrong， what would you do?(如果有了什么差錯(cuò)，你怎么辦?)
5. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during WWII.
“how surprised the people would be”是主句，這是一個(gè)感嘆句;who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾people;if 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
感嘆句通常用what 或how 引起。what 用來(lái)修飾一個(gè)名詞，how 修飾一個(gè)形容詞，副詞或動(dòng)詞。
本句中that 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句
7. Washing food down with water as a substitute for chewing is not a good idea.
substitute for 是一個(gè)常用詞組，意思是“代替，代用品”;substitute也可以做動(dòng)詞用，意思是“替代”。請(qǐng)看例句：
1) Don''t you think it a good idea to use plastic as a substitute for wood?
(你覺(jué)得用塑料做木材的代用品是個(gè)好主意嗎?)
2) Daydreaming cannot substitute for hard work.(白日夢(mèng)不能取代辛勤的努力。)
8. Many people think of bread as a carbohydrate food.
think of … as是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用法，意思是“把…看作是…”，“認(rèn)為…是…”。請(qǐng)看下面的句子：
1) People think of him as a hero.(人們把他看作英雄。)
與think of …as 意思相近的習(xí)慣用法還有regard …as;consid
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